Welfare Reform: Drug Testing for Government Assistance Essay example --

Medication testing ought to be required in all states for those getting or applying for government help, for example, TANF (Transitional Assistance to Needy Families), SNAP, Unemployment Benefits and even those accepting Pell Grants to proceed with their instruction; or would it be a good idea for it to? This is an inquiry everybody has a feeling on from the lawmakers to the overall population. I will endeavor to show contentions against and for the program of medication testing that has just been embraced in certain states, for example, Florida (Tarren Bragdon, Foundation for Government Accountability), Arizona and Missouri (Aileen, Suitcase Clinic). Government assistance is characterized as: of, identifying with, or worried about government assistance and particularly with progress of hindered social gatherings (Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition, pg. 1420). What's more, Reform is characterized as: 1a: to put or change into an improved structure or condition. 1b: to alter or improve by change of structure or expulsion of flaws and misuses. (pg. 1046). There appears to a contention on the expense of medication testing the states will bear if sedate testing is required. â€Å"The cost isn't just to the person being referred to yet additionally the administrative/state/neighborhood government.† (Calliope Hollingue). There is a $26.78 normal expense for every medication test as indicated by an outline from The Foundation of Government Accountability. The diagram likewise shows the territory of Florida repaid $58,000 worth of charges for negative outcomes in the first (July-September) of 2011 (Tarren Bragdon). The diagram will be appeared toward the finish of the report as it has data with respect with the impacts of such testing both against and for. Another feeling for this view is that however it might spare the state government assistance dollars, it will expand satiate and nearby consumption in the criminal ju... ...ty. Let us trust they make the best educated, instructed, and merciful choice they can make. The eventual fate of our reality is, truly, in their grasp. Works Cited Bassett, Laura. Kentucky Lawmaker; Drug Testing Welfare Recipients Would Save 'Millions And Millions'. Legislative issues. Episode Post , 2012. Bragdon, Tarren. Florida's Drug Test Law for Welfare Cash Assistance; First Quarter Facts. 2011. Focus, Legal Action, ed. Medication Testing In Connection With Welfare Reform. 2012. Medication Testing of Public Assitance Recipients as a Condition of Eligibility. American Civil Liberties, n.d. Haskins, Ron. The 2010 Reauthorization of Welfare Reform Could Result in Important Changes. The Bookings Institute, 2012. Holingue, Calliope. Ed. Aileen. WWW.SuitcaseClinic.org, n.d. Minister, Robert. The Effects of Welfare Reform. The Heritage Foundation, 2001.

CB Analysis Free Essays

string(115) purchasing the telephone 6 was that it probably won't be all that it indicated be, and along these lines not worth what paid for it. There was unquestionably a hole between these two States, at last making a requirement for food (Sabina, 246). B) What item and brand did you pick? In this class so far we have unquestionably discovered that items can generally be replicated or supplanted, however marks are frequently exceptional and ageless. May have picked a basic Subway sandwich without getting the whole worth supper, yet I decided to go with a brand that is known to consistently have new vegetable choices, with fast help. We will compose a custom paper test on CB Analysis or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now C) What kind of significant worth did this buy give? At that point, buying this Subway sandwich demonstrated entirely significant to me. I was in a race to go to class and expected to fuel my body with something cap could give me some substance to work through the remainder of the day. Despite the fact that only a sandwich, it was essential that I eat to proceed with my taxing day of contemplating and gatherings. D) What was the sort of hazard engaged with this buy? The greatest hazard associated with me buying this Subway sandwich was that it probably won't have the freshest garnishes, and that the client assistance may be moderate. I knew when I was going to buy my sandwich that the danger of me losing cash or lamenting my choice to purchase the sandwich would be generally low. Eventually, I see this buy as an okay buy. E) What evaluative rules were utilized? We gained from our book that evaluative rules are qualities shoppers think about while inspecting elective answers for an issue or issue (Fabian, 355). In this circumstance, my concern was that I was starving and in a period mash in the middle of classes. At the point when I was picking Subway as my dinner of decision, I realized that potential advantages would be that it would be a sound supper in a snappy time allotment. Thought about going to Jimmy Johns, however it was a considerable amount of good ways from my loft and I didn’t possess energy for that. The measures utilized were nearness to my condo, cost, and quality. ) Did you lead an interior or outside data search? Why or why not? I utilized inner data search, including me recovering information about items or administrations from my memory (Fabian, 248). Since this buy included such restricted dynamic, felt sure about my capacity to utilize my past encounters at Subway to conclude that I ought to return there for the equivalent, snappy help. Was stood up to with a need to fulfill my appetite, and I realized I could depend on myself since time is running short imperatives. ) If you directed an inside data search, clarify your evoked set (thought set), your latent set and your clumsy set. My thought set comprised of Jimmy John’s, a nearby sandwich elective with incredible client support. Metro advertisers should consider why it is G’s consistently has the best client support, yet for this situation Subway prevailed upon me due to their closeness to my condo. To be completely forthright, didn't have a latent set, or any options in contrast to which was unconcerned with (Fabian 249); Subway was the ideal spot! One alternative I viewed as separated of my maladroit set was the Korean eatery close to the Subway. It was unsatisfactory for me to try and consider because of me not needing o evaluate another eatery that seemed to set aside a long effort to get looked out for. H) What was the expense of this data search? If you don't mind clarify your answer in detail, don’t simply give an expected dollar figure. The financial expense of this data search was free. Having said that, I do consider the expense to this data search to have been the time spent settling on the choice about where and what ought to eat. As was experiencing what little choices there were to Subway, I may have been sitting around idly I could have been utilizing to read and plan for class. Fortunately, there was not all that much emulate squandered concluding how to fulfill my appetite, however there unquestionably was probably some minimal effort related with my interior data search. This data search turned into me purchasing the sandwich, so it influenced that little buy. B. Broadened Decision Making Purchase-Apple telephone 6 10/1/14 a) What was the need (genuine state versus.. Wanted state)? Frankly, truly didn't have a genuine requirement for another telephone, so my real state was that I had a more established telephone that was working totally fine, however I didn't have the new telephone 6. My ideal state was to possess the most up to date Phone, since I generally love utilizing the most recent Apple items. As our book called attention to, states Often change (Fabian, 247). Somebody may have, at once, been happy with a mobile phone they had, until one day a more up to date, cooler variant goes along and is the new want. B) What item and brand did you pick? Decided to buy a PDA, yet a large portion of my cash goes for paying for the Apple brand. Paying for the Apple brand isn't just paying the organization for their uniqueness, yet it is paying for me to have brand fulfillment with my cell phone. Items that purchase frequently become quickly significant, yet t is the Apple brand that keeps going longer and turns out to be increasingly more important after some time. C) What sort of significant worth did this buy give? This acquisition of a telephone gave me a worth that genuinely fulfilled my need to have the most recent innovation and the most effective APS. Like I referenced previously, I truly am an eager Apple client, and I appreciate having the option to rapidly pull up any data for classes or organizations that I am enlisting for. Moreover, I truly accept that the money related worth will hold generally throughout the following year-?whenever kept in great condition. ) What was the sort of sister engaged with this buy? The greatest hazard in purchasing the telephone 6 was that it probably won't be all that it indicated be, and in this manner not worth what paid for it. You read CB Analysis in class Papers I might want to consider that I limited my hazard when I decided to do explore on the Internet and saw whatever advantages and disadvantages there were on the new telephone. Having said this, my hazard certainly builds the more cash and time put into a decent (in contrast to a sandwich). E) What evaluative standards were utilized? The properties I thought about when contrasting the telephone 6 with the Samsung Galaxy telephone, were size, value, speed, sound, quality, and appearance. It would take very some telephone to pull my image devotion away from Apple items, however think it is consistently important to keep my alternatives open when conceptualizing answers for my issues or needs (Fabian, 256). F) Did you an outside data search since I needed to ask a specialist, or for this situation, investigate the Internet’s different sources (Fabian, 249). Picked the Internet as my main source in view of the fact that it is so natural to acquire data and it requires some investment to appreciate a report when it is in an assembled list like I discovered on the web. G) If you led an outer data search, clarify how goodness did this utilizing phrasing. At the point when I directed an outer data search, I actually definitely comprehended what my evaluative models were. Composed in the web index an inquiry, for example, â€Å"How enormous or alluring is the telephone 6. † I was promptly given the freshest audits on the telephone, and confronted data over-burden inevitably. Started not having the option to absorb the entirety of the data. It made me feel that I might need to be increasingly explicit with my future quests (Fabian, 249). H) What was the expense of this data search? If you don't mind clarify your answer in detail, don’t simply give an expected liar figure. The expense of this data search was the time I spent examining on the Internet. Luckily, I didn't need to spend too much time assessing the telephone, however like I said before got a little overpowered. Despite the fact that the pursuit was free, I most likely yielded time I could have been making some read or schoolwork accomplished for the entirety of my classes. This data search did in the long run transform into me buying the new telephone, so it did to be sure lead me into paying something. 2. Mental Variables Charley Burger and Fry 9/25/13 One of the best arrangements nearby is on Thursdays at Charley. Their burger ND fry bin isn't just tremendous in size, yet it is just $4. 99. This Thursday was perhaps the greatest night since I had turned in a major proposition for class due just before I went to supper. Since I was in such an incredible state of mind, my confidence for the night was at an unsurpassed high, promising me to get myself supper (Fabian, 117). Struck There have been numerous days up to this point where have needed to depend on caffeine to permit me to complete my schoolwork and considering. There are numerous factors that have urged me to buy espresso, including my own mindfulness and have the vicinity and comfort of Struck. Getting espresso frequently filled in as an inspiration for me to concentrate much more. There were evenings my uneasiness was really quieted down realizing I could depend on Struck being directly in the Winter Garden to assist me with overcoming the entirety of the schoolwork. Truly love the high relationship quality and devotion I have with Struck (Fabian, 25). 3. Social Influence Cottage Inn Pizza 9/13/14 This Saturday was a football Saturday where we were worn out thus steamed about the Michigan misfortune to Notre Dame that we chose to arrange pizza. To be completely forthright, I wasn’t even eager, yet I chose to follow the gathering and contribute to arrange the pizza. When in a social domain, I truly don’t need a lot of influence for some little buys, as it frequently simpler to go with swarm (Fabian, 149) Bush’s Grocery Store 9/5/14 This was the Saturday of prospectus week, which means it was our last opportunity to appreciate life before glasswork got. My companion Garage not just recommended that we go to her sister’s high rise, yet that we go purchase staple goods to toss a major picnic. Chosen to fit in with what she needed and help

Blog Archive MBA News Wharton Professor Discusses Schools Image Problem

Blog Archive MBA News Wharton Professor Discusses Schools Image Problem Last week, the Wall Street Journal examined the Wharton School’s recent drop in application volume (5.8% over the past year) as several other schools saw increases. The article blames this apparent lull on Wharton’s inability to slough off its finance-centered identity in the face of a diminishing financial job market. In a response posted on LinkedIn, Wharton professor Adam Grant offers some clarification to dispel the finance school stereotype. “I think Wharton has an image problem,” Grant says, pointing out that the school has in fact greatly diversified and expanded its curricular and extracurricular offerings beyond streamlined Wall Street career paths. The tech sector and entrepreneurship, for example, account for an increasing percentage of job offers accepted by the school’s graduating class each year, with the latter jumping from 1.5% to 7.7% over the past six years. “The defining feature of Wharton is a belief in the power of evidence,” Grant says, suggesting that beyond finance, the common denominator among all Wharton students is an interest in gathering data points and experimentation. In short, the Wharton experience is rooted in an analytic, quantitative approach that applies to all business career pathsâ€"not simply finance. Therefore, Grant argues, if Wharton hopes to attract interest from applicants, it is going to require some serious rebranding. Share ThisTweet News University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)

The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 1206 Words

Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† in 1892. She brings to light a typical agenda for a female in a patriarchal society. It presents the relationship between men and women. Women were only considered for marriage and motherhood. Men were suited to pursue education and have a career. Women’s roles in society robbed them of expression. This left no one happy. Women wanted the same opportunities. Gilman wrote â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† to prove to readers that women have rights. Women shouldn’t be viewed as physically and intellectually weaker than men. They shouldn’t take the role of motherhood and only focus on the domestic work around the house. She wanted to change the traditional norm and encourage women’s independence.†¦show more content†¦Stetson and her mother urged her to get help. Appointed to the best specialist in nervous diseases: neurologist S. Weir Mitchell. He prescribed her the â€Å"rest cure. † This type of treatment restricted women from doing any labor. This prevented Gilman from writing stories. For three months she listened and did what the doctor prescribed. This course of treatment was a disaster. It only worsened her condition and made her go crazy. Once she decided to leave the rest cure and go back to work, it brought great joy into her life and helped in her recovery. After a while, she decided to leave her husband and child. She began to focus on herself and her career as a journalist and publisher. The main reason she wrote â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was to reach out to Dr. S. Weir Mitchell. In the article she mentioned, â€Å"it was not intended to drive people crazy, but to save people from being driven crazy, and it worked.† (Gilman, â€Å"Why I Wrote†) She wanted to convince him of his errors. To prove his best-known treatment the â€Å"rest cure† almost drove her to insanity. It was published to make people think of gender roles placed in society. To prevent this from happening, medicine was used as a way to relate to women’s oppression. Women were suffering from postpartum depression. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† focuses on women being inferior to men. Like the narrator, women were misdiagnosed and forced into treatment that resembled the prison. Women in the 19thShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman885 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen a stigma around mental illness and feminism. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaperâ⠂¬  was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the 1900’s. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† has many hidden truths within the story. The story was an embellished version her own struggle with what was most likely post-partum depression. As the story progresses, one can see that she is not receiving proper treatment for her depression and thus it is getting worse. Gilman uses the wallpaper and what she sees in it to symbolize her desire to escapeRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesHumans are flawed individuals. Although flaws can be bad, people learn and grow from the mistakes made. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, gives one a true look at using flaws to help one grow. Gilman gives her reader’s a glimpse into what her life would have consisted of for a period of time in her life. Women were of little importance other than to clean the house and to reproduce. This story in tertwines the reality of what the lives of woman who were considered toRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1362 Words   |  6 Pagesas freaks. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, both of these elements are present. Gilman did a wonderful job portraying how women are not taken seriously and how lightly mental illnesses are taken. Gilman had, too, had firsthand experience with the physician in the story. Charlotte Perkins Gilman s believes that there really was no difference in means of way of thinking between men or women is strongly. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story about a woman whoRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1547 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman s career as a leading feminists and social activist translated into her writing as did her personal life. Gilman s treatment for her severe depression and feelings of confinement in her marriage were parallele d by the narrator in her shorty story, The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents, Mary Fitch Perkins and Fredrick Beecher Perkins, divorced in 1869. Her dad, a distinguished librarian and magazine editorRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman2032 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a poem about women facing unequal marriages, and women not being able to express themselves the way they want too. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860, and died in 1935. This poem was written in 1892. When writing this poem, women really had no rights, they were like men’s property. So writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† during this time era, was quite shocking and altered society at the time. (Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the Feminization ofRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman904 Words   |  4 Pagescom/us/definiton/americaneglish/rest-cure?q=rest+cure). Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper as a reflection of series of events that happened in her own life. Women who fought the urge to be the typical stereotype were seen as having mental instabilities and were considered disobedient. The societal need for women to conform to the standards in the 1800s were very high. They were to cook, clean and teach their daughters how to take care of the men. Gilman grew up without her father and she vowedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman999 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story of a woman s psychological breakdown, which is shown through an imaginative conversation with the wallpaper. The relationship between the female narrator and the wallpaper reveals the inner condition of the narrator and also symbolically shows how women are oppressed in society. The story, read through a feminist lens, reflects a woman s struggle against the patriarchal power structure. In the â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses the wallpaperRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woma n suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesThe dignified journey of the admirable story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† created by Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s, gave the thought whether or not the outcome was influenced by female oppression and feminism. Female oppression and feminist encouraged a series of women to have the freedom to oppose for their equal rights. Signified events in the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† resulted of inequality justice for women. Charlotte Perkins Gilman gave the reader different literary analysis to join the unjustifiableRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1704 Words   |  7 PagesEscaping The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) whom is most acclaimed for her short story The Yellow Wallpaper (1891) was a women’s author that was relatively revolutionary. Gilman makes an appalling picture of captivity and confinement in the short story, outlining a semi-personal photo of a young lady experiencing the rest cure treatment by her spouse, whom in addition to being her husband was also her therapist. Gilman misused the rest cure in The Yellow Wallpaper to alarm other

The Breach of Human Rights in Nigeria by Police - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1664 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Tags: Human Rights Essay Did you like this example? CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Human rights loosely refer to moral principles or norms that describe certain standards of human behaviour, and are regularly protected as legal rights in national and international law.[1] In the words of Udombana[2], human rights are claims which an individual makes against or on society deliberately by virtue of his humanity. These rights are contained in various municipal and international instruments. These laws are based on certain fundamental principles relating to the promotion of human survival, prevention of harm, promotion and sustenance of human dignity, and the enhancement of human development thus giving prominence at global, regional, and national levels. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Breach of Human Rights in Nigeria by Police" essay for you Create order These principles recognise the basic concept that peace and security of life and property are the primary conditions for progress and development of any society.[3]Consequently, the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria asserts that the security and welfare of the people shall be the primary purpose of government.[4]It can be inferred from this provision that every other purpose of government is secondary. All over the world, the principal agency given the responsibility of internal peace and security of nations is the police. The police are considered the most visible symbol of any governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s power and authority and the primary enforcer of its laws, and the instrument of social control in the hands of those who are managers of the State.[5] In relation to this, the 1999 Constitution provided that: There shall be a Police Force for Nigeria, which shall be known as the Nigeria Police Force, and subject to the provisions of this section, no other po lice force shall be established for the Federation or any part thereof.[6] In order to maintain order and enforce the law, the police are endowed by the Constitution and laws with enormous powers of surveillance, arrest, investigation, search, seizure, interrogation, detention, bail and prosecution.[7]The operation of the Nigerian police is endowed with wide discretion in the law enforcement process. This includes, when and how much force is to be used, when to arrest, whom to search and whom not to, etc.[8] In consonance with the provisions of the Constitution, powers and duties were conferred on the Police by the enactment of the Police Act [9]which empowers the Police among other things with the duties of: Prevention and detection of crime; The preservation of law and order; Apprehension and prosecution of offenders; Enforcement of all laws and regulations with which they are directly charged; Performance of military duties within or outside Nigeria as may be required by them or under the authority of the Act or any other Act; and Protection of life and property.[10] While these powers are aimed at enhancing security and development in the society, it has become a very great threat to democracy, development, human well-being and human rights due to its discretionary nature. The police in the current Nigeria are at the forefront in breaching the rights of citizens which they are supposed to protect thereby limiting the sanctity of human life, human dignity, human freedom and rights. In other words, the power has become an instrument of oppression and exploitation because they are not regulated and lack all form of accountability whatsoever. This research will focus on the breach of human rights in form of torture and extrajudicial killing in Nigeria by the police and suggest the way forward in protecting innocent citizens from the fangs of police brutality. 1.2STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Torture has been a subject of major concern in Nigeria. However, the rate of extra judicial killings in recent times has increased drastically. Reports have shown the wide spread disregard for human rights in the police force. Amnesty International reported that in 2010, hundreds of people were killed in police custody.[11] The Nigeria Police Force is responsible for hundreds of extrajudicial executions, unlawful killings (e.g. torture to death while in detention) and enforced disappearances each year. The families of the victims usually have no recourse to justice as many of such cases go uninvestigated and unpunished. Many do not even get to find out what happened to their loved ones as police tell the families that they were transferred to another station or released on bail without any documentation to show for it. The Chapter IV of the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria sets out the fundamental human rights of the citizens of the Nigeria. The provisions of the Constitution are clearly against torture and killing and promote the right to life. Also, Nigeria has long ratified the several UN instruments on Human Rights, such as Universal Declaration on Human Rights, United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment since the 28th of June, 2001, but the impact is yet to be felt by the general public. 1.3RESEARCH QUESTIONS In this research work, the questions that come to mind and would have received illumination by the end of this work are; What exactly is the role of the Nigeria police To what extent is torture prevalent in Nigeria What is the state of arrest and detention practice in Nigeria Whether there is in existence any form of rehabilitation scheme for torture victims What exactly is the state of documentation and reporting of extrajudicial killings and torture 1.4AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The aim of this work is to create awareness to the Nigerian citizens that they have rights even when in police detention and also suggesting possible reforms that can bring about a change to the current practice by the Nigerian police. It is my aim that this project will reach out to the appropriate authorities and strike a chord for change. It is trite fact that where there is knowledge, there is an opportunity for improvement. At the end of the study, it is desired that the following issues should have to a reasonable degree received illumination: Systematic torture in police and other centres of detention. Arrest and detention practices. State of Human Rights Training in the Nigeria Police Force and other officers in- charge of detention facilities in Nigeria. Internal Control of the Nigeria Police Force. State of Institutionalised mechanism for compulsory autopsy of all deaths in custody. State of rehabilitation services, care and treatment for torture victims by the State. State of reporting and documentation of all cases of Torture and Extra Judicial Killings Possible reform in the Nigeria Police Force, Prison Service and Other Law Enforcement/Detention Agencies 1.5SCOPE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY Public confidence is an important tool for effective policing. When police commit torture, murder, and other crimes, they belittle the public confidence so essential to ensuring public safety and security. A culture of criminal policing and permeating corruption by police personnel promotes lawlessness and fosters an increased sense of insecurity. This research will be carried out using information drawn from various legislation, case law and official reports, as well as secondary materials, including newspaper articles and reports by governmental, intergovernmental, and nongovernmental organisation on the subject matter in various states within Nigeria. Spatially, this study is not limited to any particular era or point Nigeriaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s in history; it studies the growing pattern of heinous practices by the Nigeria police force against the Nigerian citizens. 1.6LIMITATION OF THE STUDY In compiling this work, reference will only be made to various newspaper articles, legislations, case law and reports by governmental, intergovernmental, and nongovernmental organisations despite the fact that I would have loved to get first-hand information from torture victims or a relative of someone who has been killed extra judicially. However, this lack is funded by the well-founded fear of police reprisal in the hearts of various police torture victims and relatives with good information. 1.7RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The method of data collection employed for this research is the doctrinal method. It involves the harnessing of information from existing materials (legal and non-legal); which include reported cases, journals, reports and articles. 1.8OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS Extrajudicial Killing Extrajudicial killing refers to any execution of person(s) by the state or other official authority via any of its agencies other those carried out in conformity with the law. Also, an extrajudicial killing can be said to be the killing of a person by governmental authorities without the sanction of any judicial proceeding or legal process.[12] Torture The infliction of intense pain to the body or mind to punish, to extract a confession or information, or to obtain sadistic pleasure.[13] Rights Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people, according to some legal system, social convention or ethical theory.[14] [1] Wikipedia [Internet]. c2014. [cited 2014 Nov 24]Available from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights. [2] Udombana, Nsogurua J, (2014)Lecture On Human Rights, 8th October. [3] Arase SE, Iwufor I, (2007) Policing Nigeria In The 21st Century. 1st Ed. (Ibadan): Spectrum Books Limited. [4] Section 14(2) (b), Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, (CFRN) 1999 [5] Lokulo-Sodipe JO, (2011) The Role of the Nigerian Police in the Protection of Citizensà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Rights to Life and Human Dignity in Nigeria. 6. U.I.J.P.B.L. p. 96-97. [6] Section 214(1) [7] Alemika EO, Chukwuma IC, editors. (2003) Police Accountability in Nigeria: Framework and Limitations, Civilian Oversight and Accountability of Police in Nigeria 47 (Abuja): University of Jos, Centre for Law Enforcement Education and Police Service Commission. [8] Alemika EO, (2010) Enhancing Police Accountability System in Nigeria: The Missing Links, Enhancing Police Accountability System in the Nigeria Police Force. 7 Abuja (AB): Cleen Foundation. [9] (Cap C38) Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 2004 [10] Section 4 of the Police Act (Cap P. 19), Laws of the Federation of Nigeria (L.F.N.), 2004. [11] Amnesty International Report. (2011) Unlawful Killings and Enforced Disappearances; The State of the Worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Human Rights. [12] Wikipedia [Internet]. c2014. [cited 2014 Dec 27]Available from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing. [13] Garner BA, editor, (2009) Blackà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Law Dictionary 9th Ed. Texas (TX): Thomson West. 1528 p. [14] Wikipedia [Internet]. 2014. [cited 2014 Dec 27] Available from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rights.

Character Analysis Of Much Ado About Nothing, By William...

Around the world, Shakespeares works are read and analysed. His plays are sorted into four categories: Comedies, Histories, Tragedies and Romances. â€Å"Much Ado About Nothing†, by William Shakespeare, demonstrates the characteristics recurrent in elizabethan tragedies, despite being considered a comedy. These significant elements include: a villain, death, and a tragic love story. To begin, a Shakespearean villain is stereotyped as: an outsider, someone who feels the need for revenge, and someone who spends time plotting his evil actions. All of these elements can be found within Much Ado About Nothing’s Don John. Illegitimate brother of Don Pedro, a nobleman from â€Å"Aragon†, Don John is certainly an outsider. Other characters even call him†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Any bar, any cross, any impediment will be medicinable to me [...] How canst thou cross this marriage.† (Act 2. Scene 2. 3-6) This quote shows Don John plotting his villainous plan to disrupt the love of Claudio and Hero. Don John is undouptably a Shakespearean villain that complements the other elements of this tragedy. Furthermore, William includes the element of death in his tragedies. In Much Ado About Nothing, death is often exaggerated and superficial. In Act 4, Scene 1, Claudio slanders Hero at the altar and Leonato has a desire to die. â€Å"Hath no man’s daggar here a point for me?† (Act 4. Scene 1. 105) Death, at this moment is an exaggerated desire. Leonato feels so ashamed and embarrassed that he wants to die. Consequently, after the slandering, Hero, falls to the ground. Beatrice rushes to her side and calls out that Hero is dead. Hero is not actually dead, though the topic of death is superficial in this case. Hero can not handle the slandering and the fact that her own father would not believe her. Afterwards, the friar devises a plan that involves death. His goal is to clear Hero’s name. The friar explains â€Å" Let her awhile be secretly kept in, and publish it that she is dead indeed† (Act 4. Scene 1. 199-200) Death is again being used but this time it is for deception. The friar continues â€Å"She dying, as it must so be maintained, upon the instant that she was accused, shall be lamented, pitied, and excused.†(Act 4. Scene 1. 211-213) The false deathShow MoreRelatedA Comparison Between the Plots of King Lear and Much Ado about Nothing910 Words   |  4 Pagesstatement to say that William Shakespeare wrote some of the greatest plays of all time. This is accepted by everyone from high schoolers to experts as fact. But everyone is always wondering, what makes them great? Well, at the heart of every great Shakespeare play is a well written plot. But how can one man churn out all these plays he’s written, and still have new content in each one? Ar en’t they all the same story to some extent? As Lindsay Smith writes, â€Å"Many Shakespeare plays, like most typicalRead More Much Ado About Nothing Essay: Effective Use of the Foil1025 Words   |  5 PagesEffective Use of the Foil in   Much Ado About Nothing      Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, the famous British poet William Blake wrote that without contraries there is no progression - Attraction and repulsion, reason and imagination, and love and hate are all necessary for human existence (Blake 122).   As Blake noted, the world is full of opposites.   But, more importantly, these opposites allow the people of the world to see themselves and their thoughts more clearly.   For, as BlakeRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing: Pride and Prejudice1431 Words   |  6 PagesIn Much Ado About Nothing, William Shakespeare depicts both Benedick and Beatrice as characters with one major flaw: both are full of pride. 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(Evans 427) These characters are most commonly depicted as artless, inadequate, naà ¯ve, and prosaic men who bumble throughRead More How the Characters in Much Ado About Nothing Learn to Love Essay2994 Words   |  12 PagesHow the Characters in Much Ado About Nothing Learn to Love  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The title of Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing has sparked scholarly debates about its meaning for centuries.   Some say it is a play on the term â€Å"noting†, revolving around the theme of all sorts of deceptions by all sorts of appearances (Rossiter 163).   Others claim it has more to do with everyone making a fuss about things that turn out to be false, therefore, nothing (Vaughn 102).   Regardless of these speculations,Read More Analysis of Much Ado About Nothing Essay3681 Words   |  15 PagesAnalysis of Much Ado About Nothing Much Ado About Nothing illustrates a kind of deliberately puzzling title that seems to have been popular in the late 1590s (ex quot;As You Like Itquot;). Indeed, the play is about nothing; it follows the relationships of Claudio and Hero (which is constantly hampered by plots to disrupt it), and in the end, the play culminates in the two other main characters falling in love (Beatrice and Bena*censored*), which, because it was an event that was quite predictableRead More William Shakespeares Presentation of the Two Pairs of Lovers in Much Ado About Nothing 1857 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Presentation of the Two Pairs of Lovers in Much Ado About Nothing Much Ado About Nothing would have been pronounced Much Ado About Noting in Shakespeares time. Noting would infer seeing how things appear on the surface as opposed to how things really are. This provides an immediate clue as to how the play and the presentation of the story of the two pairs of lovers would be received by an audience of the time, livingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing3289 Words   |  14 PagesSection One Title Analysis: As an author, William Shakespeare had titles ranging from the light at heart and ethereal to the rigid and formal. The title, Much Ado About Nothing, is one such title that fits very neatly into his light at heart category. However this doesn t mean that the title doesn t reflect the story as in Shakespeare s other plays. His light at heart stories have titles that are just as reflective as his more serious titles. The title is an obvious indicator of the story thatRead MoreIn modern times, a couple usually does not plan to get married less than a week after meeting. Yet1800 Words   |  8 Pagessmall Italian town of Messina in William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing, the young Claudio and Hero plan to get married as soon as possible. That is, until Claudio is fed false information that Hero is not a virgin and slanders her at the altar. During the Elizabethan era when this play was written, most female roles and women in general were treated without respect as Hero was and were only prized on their physical characteristics. Much Ado About Nothing was an important play in the ElizabethanRead Moreevery day use3221 Words   |  13 PagesThe paper s title Your name Page number Character analysis of the story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker 1) Pay attention to the character’s ethics. Does the character make just or unjust choices? Consider Atticus Finch in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird. Atticus does not make morally correct choices only when it is convenient for him to do so. Rather, he shows he’s a truly just character by sticking to his principles even when his life is at stake. 2) Decide

Reflective Journal on Communication in Business-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Communication in Business. Answers: Description of the event and experience I think communication is one of the essential components, which decides the position of the individuals. This essentiality places communication in the same alignment with the actions performed by the individuals for their survival. Working for almost 5 months in a Company, I have realized that adherence to the ethical considerations preserves the core values of the organization and enhance its reputational status (Velliaris, Willis and Pierce 2015). In view of these aspects, getting a project on ethical considerations within the workplace is one of the most valuable experiences I have ever had. The reason behind this is the obliteration of humanity in the present age of competition. It gives me pain to highlight the fact the people now-a-days have become selfish they are only concerned about their own benefit (Volkmer 2014). This motive has adversely affected the self-respect of the individuals. Especially in the workplace, this issue is a matter of concern. Usage of harsh words by t he boss generates a revengeful feeling among the employees. Maintenance of consistency in the utilization of slang or harsh words destroys the sanctity of the workplace. Being a witness of such an incident has proved beneficial for me to delve deep into the aspect of business communication for conducting a research project. Herein, the rationale of the report and the heading of the reflective journal match. The commonality lies in the word description. My capability to discover these similarities and differences can be considered as the initiation of a critique within myself (Dos and Demir 2013). One particular day, one employee failed to turn up for work on the allotted time. He needed to come early for submitting a project. When the time for submission came, he was late. This made the boss angry; therefore, he used slang languages and taunted the employee in front of us. This made me sympathetic towards my Colleague. I wondered that instead of scolding and taunting the employee, the boss should have tried to excavate the reason for being late in submitting the project. Highlighting the functionalities of Code of Professional and Ethical conduct for Professional Australia in the introduction of the report, assures me about the preservation of ethics within the workplace. Here also the word description attains commonality as I attempted to adopt a descriptive approach for excavating the factors, which enhance the relationship between the employer and the employees (Ho 2014). Here, I could visualize the assistance that our Company might get if the managers approach the personnel of the Code of Professional and Ethical Conduct for Professional Australia. It gives me immense pleasure to point out that both these bodies put hard efforts to transform the plights of the individuals, who have been victims of the unethical practices in the workplace. Herein, lays the appropriateness of the actions safeguarding the dignity and respect of the victims; guarantee of better placement; training and development for improvement of their lives. One of the things that I liked the most is their promise to maintain confidentiality regarding the tragic experience, which the victims had to undergo (Hansen 2014). Interpretation and evaluation of the events Communication occupies vital position among the business issues. Usage of ornamental language while communicating with the personnel creates a good image about me within the minds of the employers and the managers. On the contrary, if I use slang language for communicating with my colleagues, employers and managers, negative impression is created about me (Manen 2016.). Speculation of both these aspects assists me in projecting the fact that ornamental and slang languages are the two communication types. Indulgence of our boss in unethical actions can be perceived from theoretical perspectives for its interpretation. At the first instance, boss and unethical cannot be placed in the same alignment. Rather, sophisticated behavior is expected from a high ranking official such as the boss. In view of his behavior towards my co-employee, I can state that his approach is apt in terms of the employees approach towards the project submission (Domac et al. 2015). This action reflects the negative shade of the boss character. Instead, attempting to excavate the reason for the employees failure in submitting the project on time would have added value to the positive shade of the boss character. Exposure of this type of action would have assisted me to add cognitive theory in addition to the behavioral theory. This is in reference to learning about the issues encountered by the employees in terms of the execution of the business activities. Regarding the behavior of the boss, I can also use the stages of human development as proposed by Freud (Kassens 2014). The behavior of the boss lacks maturity, which cannot be aligned with his age. On the contrary, my colleagues behavior possesses two connotations. In view of the tremendous work pressure that we have, my co-employees over sleeping might be one of the reasons for being late to work. Viewing it from the other perspective, this type of behavior is inappropriate for the workplace, as we have been instructed to adjust within the ambience of pressure. In terms of the second connotation, I can say that it affirms the behavior of the boss (Szenes, Tilakaratna and Maton 2015). As far as my behavior is concerned, I feel helpless in terms of not being able to provide necessary help to him. In view of this inadequacy, our behavior is inappropriate in terms of the workplace requirements. Herein, the propositions of the behavioral theory and cognitive theory get nullified. If I along with my other colleagues had indulged in discussion with our friend during the time that was allotted to us for completing the project, he would not have to face such dire Consequences (Deeley 2014). consoling the friend after this situation is our attempt to restore the stability in our relationship, which was destroyed due to the warning given by the boss regarding not to provide any kind of help to him in his redo in the project. The attempt to preserve and maintain the stability in our relationship attains the attribute of assurance at the point of intervention by the statutory bodies of law. Through this intervention, normalcy was restored in our workplace. Future planning Allocation of research projects makes me feel elated. This is due to my childhood passion regarding developing my Country through the means of research. Therefore, when I got the project on communication in business, I thought of the communication that I practice with my family, friends, relatives and peers (Jackson 2014). I think, this feeling of mine is appropriate in terms of adopting the profession of a critique, who can view the issues taking place in the surroundings from different perspectives. This would broaden my scope and arena of researching the different and diversified subjects. Therefore, beginning the search for the best universities in Australia providing the diploma courses in Research and Development would be a wise step for me in terms of my career establishment. Placing myself in the provided situation makes me feel one with its intensity. In view of this, I can adopt the profession of counseling (Bennett and Lee 2014). Reading about the cases of the indulgence of business personnel in the unethical issues have instilled within me enough patience, although sometimes I was bored with the elongated process of approaching the courts and their investigation of the issues. However, the patience helped me in interpreting and evaluating the events from the point of view of my experience. In view of this, if I adopt the profession of counseling, my clients would achieve better results as I would actively listen to their issues and suggest relevant treatment (Deeley 2014). Apart from this, if I enroll myself in law and judiciary studies, I can become an efficient lawyer, defending the victim from the blows of the opposition party. Mention of this profession would have been appropriate if I had protested against the boss in terms of helping my colleagues in spite of his warnings. As there is no such behavior from my side, therefore, this profession would not prove fruitful in terms of attaining personal and professional development. Continuing with the profession of counseling, viewing the boss as my client enhances my status among my colleagues (Domac et al. 2015). Delving deep into the mindset of the boss would have helped me to excavate out the reason for such behavior. My research on communication in business can act as a secondary source of information for the researchers intending to carry out further research on the aspect of communication. The detailed description of the functions of the professional and ethical code of conduct might help the managers to maintain the order, harmony and decorum of the workplace. Practicing the action of preserving the dignity, respect and individuality of my neighbors would uplift my societal status, qualifying me as an efficient individual (Ho 2014). Upgradation of my character can be considered as an upgradation in the status of my country as a whole. Within this, if I join the spoken English classes, my speaking skills would be polished and refined, which would act as an opportunity for me in terms of giving presentations in front of the foreign clients. Emerging successful in this direction would take me closer to the personal and professional development (Volkmer 2014). References Bennett-Levy, J. and Lee, N.K., 2014. Self-practice and self-reflection in cognitive behaviour therapy training: What factors influence trainees engagement and experience of benefit?.Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy,42(01), pp.48-64. Deeley, S.J., 2014. Summative co-assessment: A deep learning approach to enhancing employability skills and attributes.Active Learning in Higher Education,15(1), pp.39-51. Domac, S., Anderson, L., OReilly, M. and Smith, R., 2015. Assessing interprofessional competence using a prospective reflective portfolio.Journal of interprofessional care,29(3), pp.179-187. Dos, B. and Demir, S., 2013. The analysis of the blogs created in a blended course through the reflective thinking perspective.Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice,13(2), pp.1335-1344. Hansen, K., 2014. Application of traditional and online journaling as pedagogy and means for assessing learning in an entrepreneurial seminar.Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning,32. Ho, J.K.K., 2014. A theoretical review on the professional development to be a scholar practitioner in business management.European Academic Research,1(12), pp.5393-5422. Jackson, J., 2014.Introducing language and intercultural communication. Routledge. Kassens, A.L., 2014. Tweeting your way to improved# Writing,# Reflection, and# Community.The Journal of Economic Education,45(2), pp.101-109. Szenes, E., Tilakaratna, N. and Maton, K., 2015. The knowledge practices of critical thinking. InThe Palgrave handbook of critical thinking in Higher Education(pp. 573-591). Palgrave Macmillan US. van Manen, M. ed., 2016.Writing in the Dark: Phenomenological Studies in Interpretive Inquiry. Routledge. Velliaris, D.M., Willis, C.R. and Pierce, J.M., 2015. International student perceptions of ethics in a business pathway course.New voices in higher education research and scholarship, pp.234-253. Volkmer, I., 2014.The global public sphere: Public communication in the age of reflective interdependence. John Wiley Sons. .

Dreams vs. reality Essay Example

Dreams vs. reality Paper Dreams vs.. Reality Corm McCarthy has written many terrific novels Including the book The Road. In this book McCarthy uses the theme dreams vs.. Reality often. Many other authors have also used this theme, including F. Scott Fitzgerald. Corm McCarthy and F. Scott Fitzgerald have very different writing styles, although they both have the reoccurring theme of dreams vs.. Reality. In the book The Road there are numerous examples of how McCarthy compares dreams and reality. One of the main of examples of this is the man dreaming of his wife. In the story, the wife Is never physically there; she Is always a thought, a Emory or a dream. The old man often dreams of their perfect relationship and how wonderful and gorgeous she was. He dreamt of her in a magnificent dress, with a dashing smile and luscious dark hair. The man dreaming of his wife so often meant something. His wife was a wonderful thing and it also is something he lost. This is a direct comparison to his life. He had a fantastic life and now after the disaster his life Is ruined and destroyed Just Like his wife. We will write a custom essay sample on Dreams vs. reality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Dreams vs. reality specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Dreams vs. reality specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The boy himself also had dreams. The boys dreams were not as happy and good as the father; rather they were dark and scary, bad dreams. One dream in specific was the dream of a wound it up toy. As the boy woke whimpering he told his father everything about the dream. l had this penguin that you wound up and it would waddle and flap its flippers. We were in that house that we used to live in and it came around the corner but nobody had wound It up and It was really scary. (The Road 14) To many people this might sound foolish. UT this was a child and had many scary thoughts dancing around his head and his dreams were how he expressed his thoughts. Later in the story, Just before the Mans death, he gave the boy some very wise advice. When your dreams are of some world that never was or of some world that never will be and you are happy again then you will have given up. Do you understand? And you cant give up. I wont let you. (The Road 66) In essence, what the Man Is trying to say Is that without bad dreams there Is no end and with good dreams the end is near. When your dreams are happy it has proven you have given up and you have lost. When you are having bad dreams you are still fighting and you are pursuing the future. Dreams are a physiological time clock of your life. Relative to Corm McCarthy, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses the theme of dreams vs.. Laity In his books. It Is most prominent In the book The Great Gatsby. In this book Jay Gatsby pursues his dreams to be In a relationship Daisy Buchanan. In this quest he overcomes and succumbed to many obstacles. His main obstacle was winning Daisy back and living the perfect life just as he dreamt. Gatsby needed to face reality and realize that he can not reverse time. Nor can he instantly make his dreams true. Reality was that Gatsby was too late, Daisy had fallen in love with Tom Buchanan and Gatsby love would not be enough to split there relationship. Case, his dreams overcame him. He dreamt of Daisy and their perfect future, he dad this his goal and only goal. He started evolving his entire life around it by buying a huge mansion across the bay from the Buchannan and throwing huge parties on the weekends. The line between reality and dreams was blurred and Gatsby started to mistake his dreams for reality. Once his dreams were crushed his reality was crushed and Gatsby emotion caught up to him and inevitably led to disaster. Both Corm McCarthy and F. Scott Fitzgerald use the the theme dreams vs. reality. Regardless, they both have there differences, they are still very similar. Both books can teach one some very crucial and important lessons in life.

Optical Illusions Essays - Brain, Cerebrum, Neuroanatomy

Optical Illusions Essays - Brain, Cerebrum, Neuroanatomy Optical Illusions My research paper is about the anatomy of an optical illusion. Optical Illusions are relevant to aviation in that the main guidance system of most aircraft on most flights is the pilot's eyes. Everyone, including pilots, is susceptible to an optical illusion. The hazards of optical illusions are many considering that at any time during the flight they can cause a healthy and experienced pilot to become confused, delusional and generally disoriented with obvious possible consequences. This is why we must study and be aware of optical illusions so that we may be better prepared should we encounter one at a critical time. To better illustrate the origins of optical illusions I will review some parts of the brain and their functions. The brain has seven main parts, they are: the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the cerebellum, the brain stem, the corpus callosum, the two hemispheres, and the largest part of the brain, the cerebrum. The thalamus is located just above the brain stem. It acts like a switchboard, deciding what to do with the messages that come to the brain. If you were reacting to a situation like flying in a dogfight, and radio chatter was coming through your headphones, your thalamus would ignore the radio chatter. The hypothalamus controls our emotions such as happiness and sadness. It also controls our sense of temperature and our feeling of hunger. It is located directly in front of the thalamus. It is also one of the organs that is fully developed when you are born. The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls our muscles. When we are born, our cerebellums aren't fully developed. Thats why we didnt do things in a coordinated manner with our limbs. We moved shakily with our bodies because messages from another part of our brain called the cerebrum werent organized by the cerebellum. The brain stem is located at the back of the brain, right below the thalamus. It has the responsibility of taking care of involuntary movements such as breathing, blinking, and making our heart beat. The cerebrum is the largest part of our brain. It takes care of our motor skills such as speaking, walking, and writing. These skills are operated in the outside layer of the brain, called the cortex. It is the last part of the brain to develop and is unique only in humans. The cerebrum is divided into two halves, or hemispheres. Our major learning senses are located within the two hemispheres. The corpus callosum is the connector for the two hemispheres of the brain and sends messages between the hemispheres. Your corpus callosum is able to send about twenty messages per second and routes them to various nerve cells called neurons. The brain receives messages through these neurons. Scientists believe that for every ten billion cells in the body, one billion of them are neurons. Can you see a square? Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that an area of the brain previously thought to process only simple visual information also tackles complex images such as optical illusions. Research, conducted with animals, provided evidence that both the simple and more complex areas of the brain are involved in different aspects of vision and work cooperatively, rather than in a rigid hierarchy, as scientists previously believed. The Scientists compare vision to an orchestra, where clusters of cells in different parts of the brain cooperate to process different components of visual information such as vertical or horizontal orientation, color, size, shape, movement, and distinctions between overlapping objects. The MIT research focused on an area of the cerebral cortex, the outer layer of gray matter that envelops the entire brain called the primary visual cortex, also known as V1 and Area 17 of the brain. In humans that area is about five centimeters in diameter, about the size of four postage stamps and a couple millimeters deep on both sides of the rear of the head, just below the crown. The V1 area is the first point of entry in the brain's cortex of visual information from the eye's retina. Earlier the V1 was thought to be involved only in processing very simple spatial orientations, such as whether an object is placed

Business Etiquette and Elevator Pitch Activities Essay

Business Etiquette and Elevator Pitch Activities - Essay Example However, if the elevator pitch is a failure, the conversation will die just as the elevator ride stops. Successful business people are always prepared with their elevator pitch speech because they know that one missed shot will cost them quite a lot. (Mike Gunderloy, 2004). In the chosen airline industry, the concept of elevator pitch is very important. All employees of an airline serves as the company’s ambassadors because whatever they will communicate through their actions and words would actually help people create a positive or negative image of the airline in their minds (Chris Westfall, 2012). If a flight attendant does not treat a customer in a friendly and polite manner, it is likely that he will never travel with the same airline ever in his life and might also used the ‘word of mouth’ to discourage others. A flight attendant must always be prepared for an elevator pitch speech because every day or so he is interacting with people who are really interested in knowing about their experience, skills and association with the airline company. If a flight attendant is unable to communicate the elevator pitch speech to the other person, it is likely that his skills will be doubted because a flight attendant is assumed to be very confident, quick and rational. The elevator pitch speech of a flight attendant has to be very interesting, catchy and memorable. He first needs to identify his goal so that he knows where he is directing all his efforts. A very important step in the creation of an effective pitch is that you need to be aware of what you do, what kind of soft skills you possess and what you have learned from all the years you have served in the airline as a flight attendant. Once this step is accomplished, you need to select exactly what part of the identified information could be shared. This will help you define yourself in a

An analysis of google ( or apple , amazone) & cloud computing Research Paper

An analysis of google ( or apple , amazone) & cloud computing technology - Research Paper Example Cloud Computing with the virtual setting of softwares and hardwares, provides a effective IT network or Information system (IS) to the business firms, thereby even making their own network slightly redundant. Because of the growing potential, many more firms including Amazon are jumping into this field by setting up their own Cloud Computing environment and then commercially renting it to other business firms and clients. So, this paper will focus on the IS of Cloud Computing, discussing how it impacts Amazon’s, and how it has various applications, although there are some challenges while implementing and running it. The world of today is being ‘run’ mainly with the aid of technology, as it having applications in various facets of human life, starting from day to day activities to key applications in organizational or business environment. Technologies have evolved in various sectors, particularly Information Technology (IT) or Information Systems (IS) have evolved optimally aiding existing business firms in running, expanding, improving and even transforming their operations. Sizable numbers of business firms in various sectors are integrating IT in every aspect of their operations. From carrying out simple operations like opening a door or even authorized entry door to aiding in the accomplishment of complex processes, IT or IS are becoming an all-pervading entity in many of the business firms. The key fact is that emerging technologies or IS has many capabilities to optimally aid the business firms in improving their data storing, sharing as well as communication, which can aid t hem in carrying out all their organizational processes effective, providing them higher productivity and profits. Among the many emerging ISs, the technological or virtual concept of Cloud Computing can provide optimum benefits to the business firms who are using that concept, or if aptly said, are part of the â€Å"Cloud†. At the same time, this Cloud Computing is also positively

Hybrid and electric cars Essay Example for Free

Hybrid and electric cars Essay Several types of vehicles which use alternative sources of energy have already been developed. These are mainly aimed at controlling the levels of air pollution and to provide a cheaper means of technology, especially with the increasing oil prices. With today’s current economic situation, many money saving cars have hit the road, such as hybrids from Toyota and Honda. However, our society thinks that the hybrid or electric car is a recent advancement, when in fact there were actually more electrics than gas fueled cars on the road in the 1800s. The aim of this research paper is to find out why the society is oblivious to this fact. The history of the electric car The history of the electric vehicle started from the first successful attempt to store electrical energy made by Alessandro Volta in Italy in 1800. The next event of major significance was in 1921, when Michael Faraday demonstrated that wire rod carrying electric current supplied by a Volta pile would rotate around a fixed magnet of one end and was unconstrained by allowing it to hang in a bath of mercury. He also showed that the magnet would rotate around the wire if the fixed and moving elements were reversed. Furthermore, the direction of rotation was reversed if the polarity of the electric current was reversed. This was the principle of the electric motor. In 1832, an electric motor was operated by having a bar magnet mounted on a shaft rotating inside stationary coils of wire in which the electric current was successfully switched by contacts on the shaft. The first electric motor was first constructed in 1968, but it was not until 1973 that the first road vehicles were driven. Interest had also developed in competitions between internal combustion-engine vehicles to show which was superior in speed and reliability. Leitman etal, pg 62-67) While all these developments in electric vehicles were going on, the gasoline fueled internal combustion engine vehicles were also being rapidly developed, so that by 1900, the market for automobiles was almost equally divided between the three contenders of steam, electricity and gasoline. Enthusiasm of the electric vehicle was strong at this time; primarily because of its ease of starting without tiresome need to hand crank the engine. The12 years from 1900 to 1912 was the golden age for electric vehicles, although gasoline-powered vehicles were developing rapidly over this period. In 1903, there were more electric vehicles in London than these powered by the internal combustion engine, but this situation did not last for long. By 1909 when the model T was launched it was already clear that the race for personal transport had been won by internal combustion engine This did not stop the number of electric vehicles in use in the USA increasing to a peak of 30,0000 in 1912. However, by this date, there were 900,000 gasoline engine vehicles on the road in that country, and comparable numbers in Europe. Slowly, the electric car manufacturers went out of business, or started manufacturing gasoline powered vehicles. Leitman etal, pg 62-67) Pollution in the modern era From the 1970s, the interest in electric cars began to appear again; air pollution caused by gasoline engines was beginning to be of concern and a number of small firms were set up to try and met the new demand of electric vehicles. The Ford Motor Company of Britain was asked to look at the possibility of designing a small electric car for urban use which was small enough to occupy minimum road and parking space, had high maneuverability, minimum pollution, was simple to operate and had low initial and running costs. Plant etal, pg 234) The 1990 mandate At the beginning of the 1990s, the electric vehicle had already been improved. They became more marketable, and people preferred them more than the other vehicles. One of the reasons that people preferred to use these vehicles was the fact that they did not use fuel. It was also cheaper and easy to recharge them. These cars were more effective in the 1990s, when the concerns for the environment were on the rise. This forced most car manufacturing industries, being led by General Motors to start manufacturing the electrical vehicles. Since the rate of emissions from gas fueled cars was increasing, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 was enacted. This Act required a reduction in the vehicle emissions (so called Tier 1 controls) by the 1994 model year. It also authorized even stricter Tier II controls on a contingency basis, which was to be imposed by 2004 by the EPA administrator, if further studies showed that they needed, technically feasible, and cost effective. The 1990 Act also put up standards to check the evaporative emissions (emissions that occur after engines are shut off. ) (Collantes etal) California, being the leading state in air pollution, was required by the 1990 law to impose stricter vehicle emissions standards. The state therefore made it a requirement that the manufacturers achieve in stages, fleet-weighted average emissions that would have been lower than the ones mandated by the federal Tier I regulations, beginning with the 1994 model year. All The car manufacturers were authorized to manufacture several zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs, effectively electric-powered cars) by 1998. They were also required to have achieved a total market share of at least 10% by the year 2003. The Clean Air Amendments Act of 1990 also stated that other States should opt to voluntarily set the Environmental Conservation standards that had been set by California. Some of the North Eastern States, including New York and Massachusetts imposed similar rules in their states. The Ozone Transport Commission, through another provision of the 1990 Act, was also persuaded by some of its members to ask the EPA to pass the auto technology measures on the whole region. The imposition of the laws was required because some of the states had no intention of passing the Californian standards voluntarily. If EPA had passed these auto technology measures on all the states, then the electric cars would have taken over 40% of the entire U. S auto market. (Collantes, etal) However, this petition was debated on a lot. It was said that the technology then was not ready to meet such high targets. Another reason the proposal was rejected was due to the fact that the battery technology could only give a little range to the vehicles, besides this, the infrastructure to meet them was inadequate. The industry instead proposed an alternative to the Californian standards, which was to market a national low-emitting vehicle (NLEV) in 49 states. This alternative was tougher than what the law had required the automakers to do, and could meet only the first two levels of the Californian standards. It is clear that the industry was definitely opposed to the idea of an electric vehicle, because it passed the alternative laws, which required all states to ignore the zero emissions Act. For several years, the EPA was unable to make an agreement with between the thirteen jurisdictions and the industry. Also, California was successful in delaying the implementation if the zero electric vehicle mandate until model year 2003. Of all the states, only Massachusetts, Mine, Mew York and Vermont adopted the Californian requirements and refused to accept the NLEV as a substitute to the law, and the industry would not produce it either, unless they did. In the beginning of 1998, there was stiff competition among the â€Å"Big Three† U. S. and three major Japanese companies manufacturing cars. This therefore pushed them to pledge voluntarily to market the NLEV vehicles in the forty-five states which had not mandated Californian cars. This shows that the auto industry was among the reasons why the electric car was not so successful in the market. Collantes, etal) Were it not for the fact that the U. S. levels of air pollution are increasing every day, the industry would not have realized the need to manufacture the electric vehicles. Although the gasoline-electric cars were also a way to reduce the air pollution, the electric cars would have been more effective. This also shows the extent to which people and the auto industries disliked the electric car. Benefits of the electric cars Although the electric cars are a bit inferior compared to the petrol engine or diesel engine vehicles, they have several attributes. They are quiet, and therefore provide an appealing driving feel to the user. The major benefits are however on air pollution, the cars reduce the energy use and the green house emissions; they are zero emitting. The pollution benefits are also large, considering the amount of pollution generated at the power plant. The electric vehicle batteries have the capability to practically eliminate the carbon monoxide emissions and volatile the unburned hydrocarbons and hence diminish the nitrogen oxide emissions regardless of how electricity is generated. (Nakamura etal, pg 223-228) The pollution benefits would be greatest in places like California where most of the electricity comes from tightly controlled natural gas plants and zero-emitting hydroelectric and nuclear plants. They could also be of help to a country like France, which gets most of its electricity from nuclear power. Highly populated cities like Mexico City, Beijing, Bangkok, and Kathmandu, which also source their electricity from nucleus power, could also take advantage of the electric vehicles. Another advantage is that with an electric vehicle, all you have to do is to recharge the battery at home. You don’t have to worry of the increasing fuel prices or that you have to pass through the gas station on your way to work. In the 1990s, people used to worry that their batteries will run out of charge and cause them inconveniences. However, this has changed, as there are new and better batteries nowadays, with the ability to store charge for longer periods. The battery powered vehicles should be effective today, especially with global warming on the increase. With all these benefits, the electric vehicle needs to be marketed and manufactured in large scale. The government and the manufacturers need to promote the car, as much as they do to the fuel powered vehicles. A former employee of general motors in the 1990s said that one of the reasons why the electric vehicles did not sell well is because enough advertising was not done. The government has greatly contributed to the low popularity of the electric vehicles. Realizing that cars manufactured in foreign countries could attract more demand than those produced in the U. S. , it opted to support the manufacture of the fuel powered cars, which were more preferred by the public, to the electric powered vehicles. It was also ineffective because it failed to enact the 1990 Clean Air Enforcement Act. Fuel manufacturing companies, on the other hand, fearing that they would lose the market for fuel, sided with the government in the support for the manufacture of the fuel powered vehicles. The lack of vigorous campaigns to market the electric vehicles is one of the reasons why they are so unpopular today. The fact that the electric cars were once crushed to pieces shows the extent to which their popularity was. Americans have also been ignorant to the idea of promoting the electric car. They have preferred the hybrid cars to the electric cars, ignoring the fact that they have more benefits. (Paine) Conclusion For the past few years, General Motors has been trying to revive the popularity of the electric vehicles. One of the reasons that brought the realization that there was a need to bring back the electric car was the attack of the World Trade Centre, the Pentagon, and the plane that clashed in Pennsylvania on September 11, 2001. All these instances showed that complete reliance on imported oil is a big threat to the financial and the national security. Also, the onset of the global economic crisis, which resulted to an increase in the oil prices, made Americans realize the importance of the electric car. America faces the challenge of energy security, reduction of its reliance on imported oil and the ways in which global warming can be reduced. Electric cars could be the solution to these challenges. The ironic twist of events about national security, oil and the climate change has at last brought the understanding that to stabilize our economy; we need to use the electric cars.

The Symbolism of Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goodma

The Symbolism of â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† shows the reader the author’s power as a symbolist.    Frederick C. Crews in â€Å"The Logic of Compulsion in ‘Roger Malvin’s Burial’† explores the symbology that prevails in Hawthorne’s best short stories:    . . . I chose this one tale to analyze because it illustrates the indispensability, and I should even say the priority, of understanding the literal psychological dramas in Hawthorne’s fiction. Like all of his best tales, this one is packed with symbolic suggestions and invite a moralistic reading. . . . (111).    Peter Conn in â€Å"Finding a Voice in an New Nation† states his evaluation of Hawthorne as a symbolist:    He was a secularized Puritan symbolist, who recovered the dramas enacted in cases of conscience by tracing the lines that bound men and women to their motives. Concerned with individuals as specimens or types, he endowed his characters with solemnly stylized features and then studied their anxiety, or doubt, or guilt. He placed them amid settings and objects that gave symbolic expression to their inward states (84).    Hugo McPherson in â€Å"Hawthorne’s Use of Mythology† explains how the author’s â€Å"inner drama† may be expressed in his symbolism:    The imaginative foundation of a writer’s work may well be an inner drama or ‘hidden life’ in which his deepest interests and conflicts are transformed into images or characters; and through the symbolic play of these creations, he comes to ‘know’ the meaning of his experience; the imaginative structure becomes a means of reaching truth. . . . he lives ‘a life of allegory,’ and each of his works expresses one facet or another ... ...ick in â€Å"Stories Derived from New England Living.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    Hale, John K.   â€Å"The Serpentine Staff in ‘Young Goodman Brown.’†Ã‚   Nathaniel   Hawthorne Review   19   (Fall 1993):   17-18.    James, Henry. Hawthorne. http://eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhhj1.html, no pag.    Leavis, Q. D. â€Å"Hawthorne as Poet.† In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.    Levy, Leo B.   â€Å"The Problem of Faith in ‘Young Goodman Brown.’† Modern Critcial   Views:   Nathaniel Hawthorne.   Ed. Harold Bloom.   New York:   Chelsea House, 1986.   115-126.    McPherson, Hugo. â€Å"Hawthorne’s Use of Mythology.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    The Symbolism of Hawthorne's Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goodma The Symbolism of â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† shows the reader the author’s power as a symbolist.    Frederick C. Crews in â€Å"The Logic of Compulsion in ‘Roger Malvin’s Burial’† explores the symbology that prevails in Hawthorne’s best short stories:    . . . I chose this one tale to analyze because it illustrates the indispensability, and I should even say the priority, of understanding the literal psychological dramas in Hawthorne’s fiction. Like all of his best tales, this one is packed with symbolic suggestions and invite a moralistic reading. . . . (111).    Peter Conn in â€Å"Finding a Voice in an New Nation† states his evaluation of Hawthorne as a symbolist:    He was a secularized Puritan symbolist, who recovered the dramas enacted in cases of conscience by tracing the lines that bound men and women to their motives. Concerned with individuals as specimens or types, he endowed his characters with solemnly stylized features and then studied their anxiety, or doubt, or guilt. He placed them amid settings and objects that gave symbolic expression to their inward states (84).    Hugo McPherson in â€Å"Hawthorne’s Use of Mythology† explains how the author’s â€Å"inner drama† may be expressed in his symbolism:    The imaginative foundation of a writer’s work may well be an inner drama or ‘hidden life’ in which his deepest interests and conflicts are transformed into images or characters; and through the symbolic play of these creations, he comes to ‘know’ the meaning of his experience; the imaginative structure becomes a means of reaching truth. . . . he lives ‘a life of allegory,’ and each of his works expresses one facet or another ... ...ick in â€Å"Stories Derived from New England Living.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    Hale, John K.   â€Å"The Serpentine Staff in ‘Young Goodman Brown.’†Ã‚   Nathaniel   Hawthorne Review   19   (Fall 1993):   17-18.    James, Henry. Hawthorne. http://eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhhj1.html, no pag.    Leavis, Q. D. â€Å"Hawthorne as Poet.† In Hawthorne – A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.    Levy, Leo B.   â€Å"The Problem of Faith in ‘Young Goodman Brown.’† Modern Critcial   Views:   Nathaniel Hawthorne.   Ed. Harold Bloom.   New York:   Chelsea House, 1986.   115-126.    McPherson, Hugo. â€Å"Hawthorne’s Use of Mythology.† In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1996.   

Citizen Kane Essay

An extremely wonderful, but definitely not a movie I would ever watch again because I wouldn’t be able to handle it a second time, Citizen Kane’s very title has become a masterpiece. â€Å"The Citizen Kane of its genre is about as great of praise as any film might hope to achieve. Citizen Kane’s unique status in the world of American cinema is held in its place in Hollywood history. At the height of the Hollywood studio system, when studio bosses controlled every aspect of filmmaking from production to exhibition, this film was made by a handful of brilliant artists who were given freedom to do whatever they wanted. The examples in the film of why Citizen Kane is arguably the greatest film of all time: Introduction to Xanadu.  Kane’s Death. News on the March. Introduction to Susan Alexander. Kane’s childhood, Kane Buys his First Newspaper. Introduction to Mr. Bernstein. Visual symbolism: Mr. Bernstein’s image reflected in table. Visual symbolism: Mr. Bernstein stands beneath painting of Kane. The Early Days, the Happy Days. Declaration of Principles Scene. Kane Celebrates Birth of His Newspaper Empire. Kane Returns from Paris with Wedding Engagement. Leland Recalls the Breakdown of Kane’s Marriage to Emily Norton. Kane Meets Susan Alexander. Gettys Springs His Trap. Kane Marries Susan Alexander; Her Opening Night at the The Missing Review. Susan Alexander at the El Rancho. Susan Alexander Rehearses for Opening Night. Susan Alexander’s Opening Night at the New Opera House. Argument over the Bad Reviews. Susan Alexander on Tour. After Susan’s Suicide Attempt. Life is Boring in Xanadu. Susan Leaves Kane. As Susan confronts Kane. As Kane pleads with her. As Susan realizes Kane just doesn’t get it. Kane, watching Susan walks down long corridors and out of his life. Susan walking away from camera. Visual symbolism, Susan walking out of his life, and Kane’s Rampage After Susan Leaves a Symbolic action, Kane picks up the glass ball. Symbolic dialogue, Kane says â€Å"Rosebud† metaphor: Kane’s reflections in the mirrors Answer to the Riddle of â€Å"Rosebud.† Visual symbolism, fence, No Trespassing Sign, K sign in fence in foreground, Xanadu looming in the background Visually, Welles and legendary cinematographer Gregg Toland forged a dramatic style combining such techniques as extreme deep focus, varied camera angles  including low angles revealing set ceilings, and unconventional use of lighting and deep shadows anticipating the film noir style. Individually, most of these techniques had been pioneered in other films, but Citizen Kane masterfully brought them together with unprecedented acumen and maturity. Narratively, Welles and veteran writer Herman J. Mankiewicz jointly crafted a storytelling tour de force combining non-linear narrative, composite storytelling from multiple points of view (a technique that would later be indelibly associated with Kurosawa’s Rashomon), varying narrative forms including the famous opening newsreel segment as well as interviews and flashbacks, and a dramatic span of decades with characters aging from young adulthood (or even childhood) to old age. Their characters are complex and ambiguous, and their dialogue crackles with wit and insight. Thematically, the film tackles the mystery of man from nearly every conceivable angle except religion — love, happiness, money, power, sex, marriage, divorce, politics, the media, celebrity, despair, death — in a sweepingly ambitious study that asks anew the 2000-year-old question, â€Å"What does it profit a man to gain the whole world and lose his soul?† What’s more, Kane accomplishes all this not as a rarefied art film for the ambitious few, but as a popular story for the masses, a riddle picture with the most famous twist ending in Hollywood history. This ending, of course, is the explanation of Charles Foster Kane’s dying word, â€Å"Rosebud.† The twist behind the twist is that while the final shot satisfyingly resolves the question with which the picture began, the whole notion that that the answer to that question would somehow provide the key to Kane’s life was only a journalistic conceit. The film answers the question, but refrains from offering any final explanation or judgment of its complex protagonist, suggesting that a man’s life is more than a riddle to be explained or resolved. That’s not to say that Rosebud isn’t significant. It is. It signifies innocence lost, regret, the failure of the American dream of rags-to-riches  success. It also represents what Kane lost at an early age when he was taken from his mother and father and raised by an unloving guardian. Deprived of love, burdened by too much money and power, Kane grows up with a ravenous desire to be loved despite being incapable of love himself, as well as an arrogance and sense of entitlement to getting his way. The tragedy of his life epitomizes the dark side of the pursuit of happiness, with failed marriages, broken friendships, dashed political aspirations, rapacious acquisitiveness, isolation, and despair. Controversy surrounding the release of the film has become an enduring part of its legend. The character of Charles Foster Kane was widely recognized at least in part as a fictionalized version of newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, and Hearst furiously did his best to suppress the picture and have it destroyed. While working on Citizen Kane, Welles joked that â€Å"If they ever let me do a second picture, I’m lucky.† He was only half right. He was lucky enough to make many additional pictures, some of them masterpieces in their own right. That super awesome level of control and magic was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity and Welles made the most of it. This is Citizen Kane.

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